趣购彩   故障按在线显现情况，可分为实际和潜在两种。实际故障又称为功能性故障，由于这种故障的实际存在，使液压原统不能工作或工作能力显著降低，如关键液压元件被损坏等；潜在故障与缓发性故障相似，尚未在功能性方面表现出来，但可以通过观察及仪器测试出来它的潜在程度。

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        故障按发生的原因，可分为人为的和自然的两种。由于设计、制造、运行安装、使用及维修

不当等造成的故障均称为人为的故障；由于不可抗拒的自然因素(如磨损、腐蚀、老化及环境等因素)产生的故障均属于自然故障范围。

        液压设备的故障，一般在初期因设计、制造、运输、安装、调试等原因而故障率较高，随着运用时间延长及故障的不断排除，故障率将逐渐降低。到了设备使用后期，由于长期使用过程中的磨损、腐蚀、老化、疲劳等而逐渐使故障增多。只有在使用中期，设备故障才趋于随机的较稳定期，也就是设备的有效工作寿命期。但如果由使用不当或对潜在的故障不及时诊断与排除，即使在有效寿命期也不能排除出现突发性的各种严重故障。故认真研究和总结各设备故障及诊断技术，则是正确及时地排除各种故障的前提。

Faults can be classified into actual and potential ones according to their online appearance. Actual fault is also known as functional fault, because of the actual existence of this fault, the original hydraulic system can not work or work ability is significantly reduced, such as the key hydraulic components are damaged; A potential fault, similar to a delayed fault, has not been demonstrated in terms of functionality, but its potential can be measured by observation and instrumentation.

Failure according to the cause of occurrence, can be divided into artificial and natural two. Due to design, manufacture, operation installation, use and maintenance

Fault caused by improper fault are called artificial fault; Due to irresistible natural factors (such as wear, corrosion, aging and environmental factors) caused by the fault are natural fault scope.

趣购彩The failure rate of hydraulic equipment is generally higher in the initial stage due to design, manufacturing, transportation, installation, debugging and other reasons. With the extension of the operation time and the continuous elimination of the fault, the failure rate will gradually reduce. In the late stage of equipment use, due to long-term use of wear and tear, corrosion, aging, fatigue and so on and gradually make the fault increase. Only in the middle period of use, the equipment failure tends to random stable period, that is, the effective working life of the equipment. However, if the potential fault is not diagnosed and eliminated in time due to improper use or failure, it is not possible to eliminate all kinds of sudden serious faults even in the effective life. Therefore, it is the premise of correct and timely troubleshooting to study and summarize the equipment faults and diagnostic techniques.